BY  Basant Bakshi

Nepal is a land nestled amidst the majestic Himalayas, blessed with cultural diversity and natural beauty. However, beneath this picturesque exterior lies a struggling economy grappling with numerous challenges that have hindered its progress. But with a collective effort and strategic planning, Nepal can emerge stronger and more prosperous.

One of the foremost problems plaguing the Nepali economy is its inadequate infrastructure such as lack of modern transportation, reliable power supply, and efficient communication networks. This deficiency has deterred both domestic and foreign investors, hindering the potential for industries and businesses to flourish. To address this, the government must prioritise infrastructure development and invest in road networks, energy projects, and advanced communication systems through measures like public-private partnerships.

Nepal's overreliance on agriculture presents another significant challenge. The majority of the population relies on subsistence farming, making them vulnerable to environmental factors such as natural disasters and changing weather patterns. To break free from this cycle, the country needs to diversify its economy. Promoting sectors like tourism, manufacturing, and services can stimulate growth and create jobs. By developing special economic zones and implementing investment-friendly policies, Nepal can attract foreign direct investments and bolster its export potential.

Political instability has been a recurring theme in Nepal's history. This impedes policy continuity and hinders long-term planning. Frequent changes in government and the lack of consensus on key issues have led to uncertainty which has deterred potential investors from committing to the Nepali market. The political leadership must prioritise stability and work towards forging a united vision for the nation's economic future. 

The trade deficit has been a persistent concern for the Nepali economy. Heavy reliance on imports, especially from neighbouring India and China, has exacerbated the trade imbalance and made the economy susceptible to external shocks. To address this, Nepal must focus on strengthening trade ties with neighbouring countries and negotiating favourable trade agreements. By expanding export opportunities for Nepali goods and services, the country can reduce its trade deficit and create a more robust economy.

Youth unemployment is another critical issue faced by Nepal. A significant portion of the youth lacks access to quality education and employment opportunities, resulting in a potential brain drain. To harness the demographic dividend, the government must invest in education and vocational training programs, equipping the youth with the necessary skills for the job market. Empowering young entrepreneurs through mentorship and financial support can also create a dynamic and innovative business environment.

Corruption and governance issues have also hampered the country's economic growth. Rampant corruption erodes public trust in institutions and discourages both domestic and foreign investments. Implementing robust anti-corruption measures and enhancing transparency in governance are essential steps to build confidence and trust in the government. By promoting a culture of accountability and fair practices, Nepal can create a level playing field for businesses to thrive.

The Nepali economy may be grappling with challenges, but these are not something that cannot be dealt with. With a focused and concerted effort, Nepal can overcome its obstacles and emerge as a resilient and prosperous nation. 

(Bakshi is the Head-Deposit Marketing & Corporate Communication Department at Mahalaxmi Bikas Bank)