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'summary' => 'October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips. ',
'content' => '<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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'content' => '<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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'content' => '<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips.
Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech.
China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls.
And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers.
"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said.
Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products.
China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey.
The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite.
Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement.
Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them.
The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains".
"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said.
"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said.
Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years.
The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas.
It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors.
The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines.
Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS
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'content' => '<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
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<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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'title' => 'China Tightens Curbs on Graphite Exports Citing 'National Security' ',
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'summary' => 'October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips. ',
'content' => '<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">October 21: China on Friday announced new curbs on exports of certain types of graphite, key to making batteries for electric vehicles, days after the United States slapped fresh restrictions on outflows of high-tech microchips. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Washington said this week it would ramp up restrictions on exports of cutting-edge semiconductors crucial for powering artificial intelligence systems -- its latest effort to curb Beijing's access to advanced tech. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China has branded Washington's policy unfair and has imposed its own measures, declaring in July that certain products containing gallium and germanium -- key raw materials for chipmaking -- would be subject to stricter export controls. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">And under measures unveiled Friday by the Ministry of Commerce, exporters must apply for permits to sell two types of graphite to foreign customers. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Based on the need to uphold its national security and interests, China has implemented export controls on certain graphite items in accordance with the law," the ministry said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Graphite is commonly used to make lithium-ion batteries for mobile phones, electric vehicles (EVs) and other products. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">China was the world's leading graphite producer last year, accounting for an estimated 65 percent of total production, according to the United States Geological Survey. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The export controls will include high-purity, high-strength and high-density graphite material; and natural flake graphite. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Three further kinds of "highly sensitive" graphite materials included in the list were already under temporary curbs, according to the announcement. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Global graphite consumption is expected to soar as demand continues to grow for EVs and the batteries that power them. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The commerce ministry said the move was "conducive to better implementing our international anti-proliferation and other obligations, (and) safeguarding the stability of global industrial supply chains". </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"Recently, the Chinese government has... taken the decision to make optimisations and adjustments to (graphite) inflows and outflows," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">"China's normal adjustment of export controls does not target any specific country or region, and exports that comply with the relevant regulations will receive permission," it said. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Trade and technology have been at the centre of simmering tensions between Beijing and Washington in recent years. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The European Union has also signalled that it is seeking to reduce its reliance on trade with China in technology and other areas. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">It launched a probe this month into Beijing's subsidies for homegrown EV makers after accusations that their cheap products undercut European competitors. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">The bloc is also mulling a separate investigation into Chinese support for its manufacturers of wind turbines. </span></span></p>
<p><span style="font-size:16px"><span style="font-family:Calibri,"sans-serif"">Beijing has expressed "strong dissatisfaction" with the EV probe and denied that its backing for other industries is unfair. – AFP/RSS </span></span></p>
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